“The Sense of Deity and Begging the Question with Ontological and Cosmological Arguments” Daniel M. Johnson

Faith and Philosophy, Volume 26, number 1 (January 2009), pages 87-94.

Main authors discussed: John Calvin, Alvin Plantinga, William Rowe

Reformed epistemology often is thought to be on the opposite end of the theological spectrum from, if not outright opposed to, natural theology.  Johnson, however, aims to demonstrate that Calvin’s view of…

“Kierkegaard and Natural Reason: A Catholic Encounter” Jack Mulder, Jr.

Faith and Philosophy, Volume 26, number 1 (January 2009), pages 42-63.

Main authors discussed: Søren Kierkegaard, Johannes Climacus, William L. Rowe, Cardinal Newman, Karl Rahner

According to the standard reading, Søren Kierkegaard is a staunch critic of natural theology.  Johannes Climacus, the pseudonymous author of Kierkegaard’s Philosophical Fragments, lampoons all attempts to…

“Warrant and Action” Mikkel Gerken

Synthese, Online First (September 2009)

Main authors discussed: Keith DeRose, John Hawthorne, Jason Stanley, and Timothy Williamson

Hawthorne and Stanley (2008) defend the Knowledge-Action Principle:

(KA) It is proper to treat p as a reason for action (for some p-dependent choice) iff you know p.

Mikkel Gerken defends the…

“How We Know What We’re Doing” Sarah K. Paul

Philosopher's Imprint, Volume 9, Number 11 (October 2009), pages 1-24.

Main authors discussed: Anscombe, Velleman, Setiya, Davidson

Anscombe was the first philosopher in modern times to note that when we act intentionally, we know what we are doing without observation, under the description(s) on which the action is intentional.  Paul calls…

“Truth and Public Reason” Joshua Cohen

Philosophy and Public Affairs, Volume 37, Number 1 (2009)

Joshua Cohen argues that a political conception of truth plays a role in public political justification. He draws a distinction between a conception of truth, which consists in a “set of claims about truth—for example, that truth is distinct from warrant,…

“The Non-identity of the Categorical and the Dispositional” David S. Oderberg

Analysis, Volume 69, Number 4 (October 2009), pages 677-684.

Main authors discussed: David Oderberg, Galen Strawson, Alexander Bird, Mark Heller

Oderberg’s article is a response to Galen Strawson’s “The identity of the categorical and the dispositional” (reviewed previously). Strawson, following Descartes, assumes…

“Moral Responsibility and Normative Ignorance: Answering a New Skeptical Challenge” William J. FitzPatrick

Ethics 118, Number 4 (July 2008), pages 589-613.

William FitzPatrick presents a critical assessment of a recent argument for skepticism regarding attributions of moral responsibility. While he applauds it for drawing our attention to difficult problems surrounding the theory and practice of our attributions of moral responsibility, FitzPatrick concludes that the argument’s skeptical conclusion is too strong.

“Immigration and Freedom of Association” Christopher H. Wellman

Ethics, Volume 119, Number 1 (October 2008), pages 109-141.

Wellman defends the view that states have an almost unqualified right to admit or keep out immigrants, including refugees.  Wellman argues that this is a direct implication of the freedom of association (henceforth: FoA) of the citizens of a state. …

“Consciousness and its Function” David Rosenthal

Neuropsychologia, Volume 46, Number 3 (2008), pages 829-840

Main authors discussed: David Rosenthal

David Rosenthal is a well-known defender of a particular kind of theory of consciousness known as the higher-order thought theory (HOTT).  Higher-order theories are united by what Rosenthal calls the Transitivity Principle (TP), which states that…

“Nonindexical Contextualism” John MacFarlane

Synthese, Volume 166, Number 2 (January 2009), pages 231–250.

Main authors discussed: Herman Cappelen, Keith DeRose, Nikola Kompa, Ernie Lepore, Jason Stanley

On what is arguably the standard view in contemporary philosophy of language, an expression is context sensitive if its semantic contribution to…

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